Trigger Finger

Trigger finger, medically known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition that affects the tendons in the fingers. The main symptom sees the affected finger or thumb catching or locking when it is bent. This condition is characterised by the digit getting stuck in a bent position and then suddenly snapping straight, like the release of a trigger. Stenosing tenosynovitis commonly affects the ring finger and thumb but can occur in any finger.

This condition is found to be more common in women over the age of 40. It can also develop in association with other medical conditions that affect the hand, including Dupuytren’s syndrome and arthritis.

The primary cause is the inflammation of the tendon sheath, which surrounds the tendons in the affected finger. Repetitive hand movements, gripping activities, and conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis are known to contribute to the development of trigger finger. The inflammation narrows the space within the sheath, leading to difficulties in tendon movement.

The impact of trigger finger on affected individuals can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and functional limitations. Activities that involve gripping or repetitive finger movements may become challenging, affecting daily tasks and work-related activities. Morning stiffness, popping or clicking sensations, and the inability to fully extend or flex the affected finger are common symptoms.

Treatment options for trigger finger vary based on the severity of the condition. Conservative approaches may include rest, splinting, and anti-inflammatory medications. In more severe cases, corticosteroid injections or surgical intervention (a procedure known as trigger release) to release the affected tendon sheath may be recommended. Physical therapy can also play a role in managing symptoms and improving hand function. Early diagnosis and appropriate intervention are crucial in minimising the impact of trigger finger on an individual’s quality of life.